The references cited in the Emiliania huxleyi WWW pages are given below. More extensive catalogues of work on Ehux are available in Jeremy Young's 1993 bibliography , and in the publications list from the EHUX project.


References


Ackleson SG, Balch WM and Holligan PM (1994) Response of water-leaving radiance to particulate calcite and chlorophyll a concentrations: A model for Gulf of Maine coccolithophore blooms. J Geophys Res, 99: 7483-7499.

Ahagon, Naokazu, et al. (1993) Florisphaera profunda, a possible nannoplankton indicator of late Quaternary changes in sea-water turbidity at the northwestern margin of the Pacific. Oct. 1993. Mar Micropaleontol, 22(3): 255-273.

Aksnes DL, Egge JK, Rosland R and Heimdal BR (1994) Representation of Emiliania huxleyi in phytoplankton simulation models: a first approach. Sarsia, 79: 291-300.

Archer D, Maier-Reimer E (1994) Effect of deep-sea sedimentary calcite preservation on atmospheric CO2 concentration. Nature, 367:260-263.

Balch WM, Holligan PM, Ackleson SG and Voss KJ (1991) Biological and optical properties of mesoscale coccolithophore blooms in the Gulf of Maine. Limnol Oceanogr, 36: 629-643.

Balch WM, Holligan PM and Kilpatrick KA (1992) Calcification, photosynthesis and growth of the bloom-forming coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi. Cont. Shelf Res., 12: 1353-1374.

Balch WM, Kilpatrick KA and Holligan PM (1993) Coccolith formation and detachment by Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae). J. Phycol., 29: 566-575.

Balch WM, Kilpatrick KA, Holligan PM and Trees C (1997a) The 1991 coccolithophore bloom in the central north Atlantic. I- Optical properties and factors affecting their distribution. Limnol Oceanogr, in press.

Balch WM, Kipatrick KA (1996) Calcification rates in the Equatorial Pacific along 140W. Deep-Sea Research II, 43: 971-993.

Balch WM, Kipatrick KA, Holligan PM, Harbour D and Fernandez E (1997b) The 1991 coccolithophore bloom in the central north Atlantic. II- Relating optics to coccolith concentration. Limnol Oceanogr, in press.

Berge G (1962) Discoloration of the sea due to Coccolithus huxleyi ``bloom''. Sarsia, 6: 27-41.

Billard C (1994) Life cycles. In: The Haptophyte Algae (ed. Green JC & Leadbeater BSC), Systematics Association Special Volume No. 51, 167-186. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Birkenes E and Braarud T (1952) Phytoplankton in the Oslo Fjord during a "Coccolithus huxleyi-summer". Avh. Norske VidenskAkad. Oslo, 1952/2: 1-23.

Black M, Barnes B (1961) Coccoliths and discoasters from the floor of South Atlantic Ocean. J. R. microsc. Soc., 80: 137-147.

Bleijswijk JDL van, Wal P van der, Kempers RS, Veldhuis MJ, Young JR, Muyzer G, de Vrind-de Jong E, and Westbroek P (1991) Distribution of two types of Emiliania huxleyi (Prymnesiophyceae) in the northeast Atlantic region as determined by immunofluorescence and coccolith morphology. Journal of Phycology, 27: 566--570.

Braarud T (1945) A phytoplankton survey of the polluted waters of inner Oslo fjord. Hvalraadets Skrifter, 28: 1-142.

Braarud T, Gaarder KR, Markali J, Nordli E (1952) Coccolithophorids studied in the electron microscope. Observations on Coccolithus uxleyi and Syracosphaera carterae. Nytt Mag Bot, 1: 129-134.

Braarud T, Foyn Hofsvang B, Hjelmfoss P, Overland Aa-K (1974) The natural history of the Hardangerfjord. 10. The phytoplankton in 1955-56. The quantitative phytoplankton cycle in thefjord waters and in coastal offshore waters. Sarsia, 55: 63-98.

Brand LE (1991) Minimum iron requirements of marine phytoplankton and the implications for the biogeochemical control of new production. Limnol. Oceanogr., 36: 1756-1771.

Brand LE (1994) Physiological ecology of marine coccolithophores. In: Winter A and Siesser WG (editors) "Coccolithophores". Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 39-49.

Brand LE and Guillard RRL (1981) The effects of continuous light and light intensity on the reproduction rates of twenty-two species of marine phytoplankton. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 50: 119-132.

Broecker WS, Peng T-H (1982) Tracers in the Sea, Eldigio Press, New York.

Brown CW and Yoder JA (1994) Coccolithophorid blooms in the global ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99(C): 7467-7482.

Brownlee C, Davies M, Nimer N, Dong LF and Merrett MJ (1994) Calcification, photosynthesis and intracellular regulation in Emiliania huxleyi. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Biomineralization Symposium, Bull. Inst. Oceanogr., Monaco, 13, in press.

Buitenhuis E, Bleijswijk J van, Bakker D, Veldhuis M (1996) Trends in inorganic and organic carbon in a bloom of Emiliania huxleyi in the North Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Series, 143: 271-282.

Deflandre G, Fert C (1954) Observations sur les coccolithophorides actuels et fossiles en microscopie ordinaire et electronique. Annls. Paleont., 40: 115-176.

Dong LF, Nimer N, Okus E and Merrett MJ (1993) Dissolved organic carbon utilization in relation to calcite production in Emiliania huxleyi (Lohmann) Kamptner. New Phytol., 123: 679-684.

Egge JK and Aksnes DL (1992) Silicate as regulating nutrient in phytoplankton competition. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 83: 281-289.

Egge JK and Heimdal BR (1994) Blooms of phytoplankton including Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophyta). Effects of nutrient supply in different N:P ratios. Sarsia 79: 333-348.

Eppley RW and Sloan PR (1966) Growth rates of marine phytoplankton: correlation with light absorption by cell chlorophyll a. Physiologia Pl., 19: 47-59.

Fagerbakke KM, Heldal M, Norland S, Heimdal BR, Batvik H (1994) Emiliania huxleyi. Chemical composition and size of coccoliths from enclosure experiments and a Norwegian fjord. Sarsia, 79(4): 349-355.

Feldman G, Kuring N, Ng C, Esaias W, McClain C, Elrod J, Maynard N, Endres D, Evans R, Brown J, Walsh S, Carle M and Podesta G (1989) Ocean color. Availability of the Global Data Set. Eos, 70: 634-641.

Gallagher L (1989) Reticulofenestra: a critical review of taxonomy, structure and evolution. In: Nannofossils and their application. (eds. Crux J & Heck SE van), Ellis Horwood, Chichester: 41-75.

Garcia-Soto C, Fernandez E, Pingree RD, Harbour DS (1995) Evolution and structure of a shelf coccolithophore bloom in the Western English Channel. Journal of Plankton Research, in press.

Gartner S and Emiliani C (1976) Nannofossil biostratigraphy and climatic stages of the Brunhes Epoch, AAPG Bull. 60: 1562-1564.

Green J.C. & Leadbeater B.S.C. (eds.) (1994) "The Haptophyte Algae", Systematics Association Special Volume, 51, Oxford University Press, 1-22.

Green J.C., Perch-Nielsen K. & Westbroek P. (1989) Prymnesiophyta. In, Margulis L. et al. (es.) Handbook of Protoctista. Jones & Bartlett, Boston, 293-317.

Green JC, Course PA and Tarran GA (1996) The life-cycle of Emiliania huxleyi: A brief review and a study of relative ploidy levels using flow cytometry. J. mar. Syst., 9: 33-44.

Harris RP (1994) Zooplankton grazing on the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi and its role in inorganic carbon flux. Mar. Biol., 119: 431-439.

Hay et al. (1967) Calcareous nannoplankton zonation of the Cenozoic of the Gulf Coast and Caribbean-Antillean area and transoceanic correlation. Trans. Gulf Coast Assoc. Geol. Soc., 17: 428-480.

Heimdal BR, Egge JK, Veldhuis MJW, Westbroek P (1994) The 1992 Norwegian Emiliania huxleyi Experiment. An Overview. Sarsia, 79(4): 285-290.

Hills SJ, Thierstein HR (1989) Plio-Pleistocene calcareous plankton biochronology. Mar Micropaleontol, 14: 67-96.

Holligan PM, Viollier M, Harbour DS, Camus P and Champagne-Philippe M (1983) Satellite and ship studies of coccolithophore production along a continental shelf edge. Nature, 304: 339-342.

Holligan PM and Balch WM (1991) From the ocean to cells: coccolithophore optics and biogeochemistry. In: Particle Analysis in Oceanography (ed. S Demers), Springer-Verlag, Berlin: 301-324.

Holligan PM, Fernandez E, Aiken J, Balch WM, Boyd P, Burkhill PH, Finch M, Groom SB, Malin G, Muller K, Purdie DA, Robinson C, Trees CC, Turner SM and van der Wal P (1993a) A biogeochemical study of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi in the north Atlantic. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 7: 879-900.

Holligan PM, Groom SB and Harbour DS (1993b) What controls the distribution of the coccolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi, in the North Sea? Fish. Oceanogr., 2: 175-183.

Hurlburt EM (1990) Description of phytoplankton and nutrient in spring in the western North Atlantic Ocean. J. Plankton Res., 12: 1-28.

Jordan R.W., Kleijne A., Heimdal B.R., & Green J.C. (1995) A glossary of the extant Haptophyta of the world. Journal of the Marine Biological Association, U.K., 75, 769-814.

Jordan et al. (1996) Coccolith and alkenone stratigraphy and palaeoceanography at an upwelling site off NW Africa (ODP 658C) during the last 130,000 years. In: Microfossils and Oceanic Environments (eds. Moguilevsky A & Whatley R), University of Wales, Aberystwyth Press: 111-130.

Keller MD, Bellows WK, Guillard RRL (1989) Dimethyl sulfide production in marine phytoplankton: review, ACS Symposium Series, 393: 167-182.

Klaveness D (1972) Coccolithus huxleyi (Lohm.) Kamptn. II. The flagellate cell, aberrant cell types, vegetative propagation and life cycles. Br. phycol. J., 7: 309-318.

Knappertsbusch M and Brummer GJ (1995) A sediment trap investigation of sinking coccolithophorids in the North Atlantic, July 1995. Deep-Sea Res I, 42(7): 1083-1109.

van Kreveld SA, Knappertsbusch M, Ottens J, Ganssen GM and van Hinte JE (1996) Biogenic carbonate and ice-rafted debris (Heinrich layer) accumulation in deep-sea sediments from the Northeast Atlantic piston core. Marine Geology, 131.

Kristiansen S, Thingstad TF, van der Wal P, Farbrot T, Skjoldal EF (1994) An Emiliania huxleyi dominated subsurface bloom in Samnangerfjorden, western Norway. Importance of hydrography and nutrients. Sarsia, 79: 357-368.

Lohmann H (1902) Die Coccolithophoridae, eine Monographie der Coccolithen. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis des Mittelmeerauftriebs. Arch. Protistenk., 1: 89-165.

Lototskaya A, Ziveri P, Ganssen GM and van Hinte JE (in prep.). Calcareous nannoflora response to termination II at (45N,25W).

Lototoskaya A and Ziveri P (1995) Calcareous nanoplankton response to Termination II and Heinrich event (140-110 Ka BP) in the NE Atlantic. 6th International Nannoplankton Conference, Coopenaghen: 72-73.

Malin G, Turner SM, Liss PS Holligan PM, Harbour DS (1993) Dimethyl sulphide and dimethylsulphonioproprionate in the north east Atlantic during the summer coccolithophore bloom. Deep-Sea Res I 40: 1487-1508.

McIntyre A (1967) Coccoliths a paleoclimatic indicators of the Pleistocene glaciation. Science, 158: 1314-1317.

Medlin LK, Barker GLA, Campbell L, Green JC, Hayes PK, Marie D, Wrieden S & Vaulot D (1996) Genetic characterisation of Emiliania huxleyi (Haptopyta), J. mar. Syst., 9: 13-31.

Milliman JD (1993) Production and accumulation of calcium carbonate in the ocean: budget of a non-steady state. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7: 927-957.

Mitchell-Innes BA, Winter A (1987) Coccolithophores: a major phytoplanton component in mature upwelled waters off the Cape Peninsula, South Africa in March, 1983. Marine Biology, 95: 25-30.

Morse JW, Mackenzie FT (1990) Geochemistry of Sedimentary Carbonates: Developments in Sedimentology 48, Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Nanninga HJ and Tyrrell T (1996) The importance of light for the formation of algal blooms by Emiliania huxleyi. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 136: 195-203.

Nimer NA, Brownlee C and Merrett MJ (1994) Carbon dioxide availability, intracellular pH and growth rate of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 109: 257-262.

Okada H and Honjo S (1975) Distribution of coccolithophores in marginal seas along the Western Pacific Ocean and Red Sea. Mar. Biol., 31: 271-285.

Paasche E and Brubak S (1994) Enhanced calcification in the coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi (Haptophycaea) under phosphorus limitation. Phycologia, 33(5): 324-330.

Paasche E and Klaveness D (1970) A physiological comparison of coccolith-forming and naked cells of Coccolithus huxleyi. Arch. Mikrobiol, 73: 143-152.

Paasche E, Kristiansen S (1982) Ammonium regeneration by microzooplankton in the Oslofjord. Marine Biology, 69: 55-63.

Perch-Nielsen K (1985) Cenozoic calcareous nannofossils. In: Plankton Stratigraphy, Cambridge University Press: 427-554.

Pienaar R.N. (1994) Ultrastructure and calcification of coccolithophores. In, A. Winter & W.G. Siesser (eds.) Coccolithophores, Cambridge University Press, 63-82.

Pingree RD, Holligan PM, Mardell GT, Harris RP (1982) Vertical distribution of plankton in the Skagerrak in relation to doming of the easonal thermocline. Continental Shelf Research, 1(2): 209-219.

Riegman R, Noordeloos AAM and Cadee GC (1992) Phaeocystis blooms and eutrophication of the continental coastal zones of the North Sea. Mar. Biol., 112: 479-484.

Romein AJT (1979) Lineages in early Palaeogene calcareous nannoplankton. Utrecht Micropalaeont. Bull., 22: 1-231.

Rothschild LJ and Squire B (1996) Does the collapse of diatom blooms trigger coccolithophore blooms? J. Phycol., 32: 41.

Samtleben C and Bickert T (1990) Coccoliths in sediment traps from the Norwegian Sea. Mar. Micropaleont, 16(1-2): 39-64.

Shaffer G (1993) Effects of the marine carbon biota on global carbon cycling. In: The Global Carbon Cycle (ed. Heimann M), NATO ASI Ser, Vol I 15, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 431-455.

Thierstein et al. (1977) Global synchroneity of late Quarternary coccolith datum levels: Validation by oxygen isotopes. Geology, 5: 400-404.

Townsend DW, Keller MD, Holligan PM, Ackleson SG and Balch WM (1994) Blooms of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi with respect to hydrography in the Gulf of Maine. Cont. Shelf Res., 14: 979-1000.

Tyrrell T and Taylor AH (1995) Latitudinal and seasonal variations in carbon dioxide and oxygen in the northeast Atlantic, and the effects on Emiliania huxleyi and other phytoplankton. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 9: 585-604.

Tyrrell T and Taylor AH (1996) A modelling study of Emiliania huxleyi in the NE Atlantic. Journal of Marine Systems, 9(1/2): 83-112.

van der Wal P, Kempers ES, Veldhuis MJW (1995) Production and downward flux of organic matter and calcite in the North Sea bloom of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Marine Ecology Progress Series, in press.

Weaver PPE (1993) High resolution stratigraphy of marine Quaternary sequences. In: Hailwood EA et al., High Resolution Stratigraphy, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., vol. 7, 137-153.

Winter A, Jordan R, Roth P (1994) Biogeography of living coccolithophores in ocean waters. In: Winter A and Siesser WG (editors) "Coccolithophores". Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Wollast R (1994) The relative importance of biomineralization and dissolution of CaCO3 in the global carbon cycle. Bulletin Institut oceanographie Monaco, No. Spec. 13, 13-35.

Young JR (1989) ....? developmental processes. In Nannofossil and their application (eds. Crux J & Heck SE van), Ellis Horwood, Chichester: 1-20.

Young JR (1994) Functions of coccoliths. In: Winter A and Siesser WG, (editors), "Coccolithophores". Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 63-82.

Young JR, Didymus JM, Bown PR, Prins B and Mann S (1992) Crystal assembly and phylogenetic evolution in heterococcoliths. Nature, 356: 516-518.

Ziveri P, Thunell R and Rio D (1995) Export production of coccolithophore in an upwelling region: Results from San Pedro Basin, Southern California Bight. Mar. Micropaleont., 24: 335-358.

Ziveri P and Broerse A (1996) Sedimentation of Coccolithophores in the North Atlantic ocean (48N,21W). The Oceanography Society Meeting (TOS 96).

Ziveri P, Grandi C and Stefanetti A 1995) Biogenic Fluxes in Bannock Basin: first results from a sediment trap study (November 1991 - May 1992). Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei, 9, 6: 131-145.

Ziveri P and Thunell R (1995) Export production of coccolithophore ina Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. 5th Intenational Conference in Paleoceanography, Halifax: 144.


Ehux home page

Toby Tyrrell : T.Tyrrell@noc.soton.ac.uk